Daniel P. Barron

Deuteronomy 1

Sunday, May 15, 2022 

Deuteronomy i

These Are The Words ii

1 These are the words which Moses spoke to all of Israel beyond the Jordan in the wilderness in the plain in front of Reeds iii between Paran iv and between Tophel v and White vi and Hazeroth and Enough of Gold. vii 2 It is eleven days viii from Horeb ix by way of Mount Seir to Kadesh Barnea. 3 And it was in the fortieth year in the eleventh month in the first to the month Moses spoke to the sons of Israel according to all that Yehvah commanded him for them, 4 after he struck Sihon king of the Amorites who dwelt in Heshbon and Og king of Bashan who dwelt in Ashtaroth x in Edrei.

5 Across the Jordan in a land of Moab Moses began to explain this law saying, 6 “Yehvah our Gods spoke to us in Horeb saying, 'You have dwelt much at this mountain. 7 Turn and journey for yourselves and go to the mountain of the Amorites and to all its neighbors in the plain at the mountain and in the lowland and in the south and in the coast of the sea, land of the Canaanites and Lebanon xi unto the great river, the river Euphrates. xii 8 See, I give before you the land. Go and possess the land which Yehvah swore to your fathers, to Abraham to Issac and to Jacob, to give to them and to their seed after them.'”

9 “And I spoke to you at that time saying, 'I am not able alone to bear you. 10 Yehvah your Gods has multiplied you and behold you today, as the stars of the heavens for multitude. 11 Yehvah Gods of your fathers add upon you as you are a thousand times and bless you just as he spoke to you. 12 How do I carry alone your load xiii and your burden and your strife? 13 Choose for yourselves men, wise and understanding and knowledgable for your tribes, and I will set them at your heads.' xiv 14 And you answered me and said, 'The word is good which you have spoken to do.' 15 And I took the head of your tribes, wise and knowledgeable men, and I gave them heads over you, leaders of thousands, and leaders of hundreds, and leaders of fifties, and leaders of tens, and officers for your tribes.”

16 “And I commanded your judges at that time saying, 'Listen between your brethren and judge righteously between a man and between his brother and between his stranger. 17 You shall not regard face in the judgment. According to small, according to great, you shall hear, not fearing from the face of man, because the judgment is Gods'. And the matter that is hard for you, you shall bring to me. And I shall hear it.' 18 And I commanded you at that time all the things which you should do.”

19 “And we journeyed from Horeb, and we walked all that great and fearful wilderness which you saw on the way of the mountain xv of the Amorities, just as Yehvah our Gods commanded us. And we came unto Kadesh Barnea. 20 And I said to you, 'You have come unto the mountain of the Amorities which Yehvah our Gods is giving to us. 21 Look, Yehvah your Gods has given the land before you. Go up, possess, just as Yehvah Gods of your fathers spoke to you. Do not fear and do not be dismayed.'”

22 “And you came near to me, all of you, and said, 'Let us send men before us, and let them search out the land for us and bring us back word of the way in which we should go up and the cities where we will come into them.' 23 And the word was good in my eyes, and I took from you twelve men each one for the tribe. 24 And they turned and went up to the mountain and went unto the brook of Cluster xvi and spied it out. 25 And they took in their hand from the fruit of the land and brought down to us and brought us back word and said, 'It is good land which Yehvah our Gods is giving to us.'” 26 “And you were not willing to go up. And you rebelled against the mouth of Yehvah your Gods. 27 And you complained in your tents. And you said, 'Yehvah in hating us sent us out from the land of Egypt to give us into the hand of the Amorities to exterminate us. 28 Where do we go up? Our brethren have melted our heart saying, “People greater and taller than us, great cities and fortified in the heavens, and also sons of the Anakim xvii are there.”

29 “And I said to you, xviii 'Do not be terrified and do not be afraid of them. 30 Yehvah your Gods who goes before you, he will fight for you according to all that he did with you in Egypt before your eyes, 31 and in the wilderness which you saw how Yehvah your Gods carried you, just as a man carries his son, in all the way which you went until you came unto this place.' 32 And in this thing you did not believe in Yehvah your Gods, 33 who went before you in the way to seek out for you a place for your camp in the fire at night to show you in the way in which you should go, and in the cloud by day. 34 And Yehvah heard the sound of your words and was angry and swore saying, 35 'Not a man in these men of this bad generation will see the good land which I swore to give to your fathers, 36 except Caleb son of Jephunneh, he will see it. And to him I give the land in which he treads, and his sons, on account of that he fully followed after Yehvah.'” xix

37 “Also, Yehvah was angry with me on your account saying, 'Also, you will not go in there. 38 Joshua son of Nun, who stands before you, he shall go in there. Encourage him, for he will cause Israel to inherit it. 39 And your children which you said will be for plunder, and your sons who do not know good and bad, they will come in there and to them I will give it. And they will possess it. 40 And you, turn for yourselves and journey to the wilderness, the way of the Sea of Reeds.'”

41 “And you answered and said to me, 'We have sinned against Yehvah. We will go up and fight according to all that Yehvah our Gods commanded us.' And you girded on each his items of war and made light xx to go up to the mountain. 42 And Yehvah said to me, 'Say to them, “Do not go up and do not wage war, for I am not in your midst. And you will not be struck before your enemies.” 43 And I spoke to you and you did not listen. And you rebelled against the mouth of Yehvah and acted insolently and went up to the mountain. 44 And the Amorities went out, who dwell in that mountain, to meet you and chased you just as the bees do, and crushed them in Seir unto Hormah. 45 And you returned and wept before Yehvah, and Yehvah did not listen xxi to your voice and did not give ear to you. 46 And you dwelt in Kadesh many days according to the days that you dwelt.”

Numbers 36 - Deuteronomy 2

Translated by Darwin Fish. See original pdf. xxii

  1. ΔΕΥΤΕΡΟΝΟΜΙΟΝ (DEUTERONOMION) - This is the Greek title (LXX) and evidently means "second law." Δευτερον (deuteron) is second (e.g. John 4:54) and νομον (nomon) is law (e.g. Matthew 5:17). ^
  2. אֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים ('êlleh hadevâriym) – "These are the words" - This is the Hebrew title and the first words in the Hebrew text. ^
  3. סוּף (suph) - “Reeds” - NKJV, NAS “Suph”; KJV “the Red sea” - only here as a location without “sea” יַם (yam). See footnote for Exodus 13:18. ^
  4. פָּארָן (pâ'rân) - “Paran” - as a particular location, only here and 1 Kings 11:18(2x). There is also “El Paran” אֵיל פָּארָן ('êyl pâ'rân) in Genesis 14:6. There is Mount Paran in Deuteronomy 33:2 & Habakkuk 3:3, and the wilderness of Paran in Genesis 21:21; Numbers 10:12; 12:16; 13:3, 26; 1 Samuel 25:1. ^
  5. תִֹּפֶל (tophel) - “Tophel” - only here ^
  6. לָבָן (lâbân) - “White” - NKJV, etc. “Laban” - only here for a location - same name as the man “White” (“Laban”). See footnote for Genesis 24:29. ^
  7. דִי וָחָב (diy zâhâv) - “Enough of Gold” - NKJV, KJV, NAS “Dizahab” - only here ^
  8. Paul points out Mount Sinai (which is Mount Horeb, see footnote below) is in Arabia (Galatians 4:25). We can see via these “eleven days” that Mount Horeb (Mount Sinai) is not too too far into Arabia, since Mount Horeb is only eleven days from Kadesh Barnea, which is just south of the land of Israel. ^
  9. חֹרֵב (chorêv) - “Horeb” is the “mountain of God” where “the Angel of the LORD appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of a bush” (Exodus 3:1-2), where “Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look upon God.” (Ex 3:6). Mount Horeb and Mount Sinai are the same mountain (Horeb Exodus 3:1-2/Acts 7:30 Sinai). This can be seen also via Ten Commandments verbally given by God, Exodus 19-20 (Sinai) & Deuteronomy 4:10-15; 5:1-29 (Horeb); the giving of the written Ten Commandments and the golden calf incident Exodus 31:18-32:1 (Sinai) & Deuteronomy 9:8-10; Psalm 106:19 (Horeb). ^
  10. עַשׁתָּרֹת (`ashttârot) - “Ashtaroths” - feminine plural term found also for a location in Joshua 9:10; 12:4; 13:12, 31; 1 Chronicles 6:71(H56). There is also “Ashteroth Karnaim” עַשְׁתְּרֹֹת קַרְנַיִם (`ashterot qarnayim) in Genesis 14:5. This is also the name of an idol (or idols) in Judges 2:13; 10:6; 1 Samuel 7:3, 4; 12:10; 31:10, in the feminine singular עַשְׁתֹּרֶת (`ashtoret) “Ashtoreth” 1 Kings 11:5, 33; 2 Kings 23:13. There is also an עֲשְׁתְּרָתי (`ashterâtiy) “Ashterathite” in 1 Chronicles 11:44. Also, this term is used for “young” (or “offspring” NKJV) of a flock in Deuteronomy 7:13; 28:4, 18, 51. ^
  11. לְּבָנוֹן (levânon) - “Lebanon” - found about 71 times in the OT. ^
  12. If the Israelites would have been obedient, they would have inherited much more land – what God promised Abraham in the beginning (Genesis 15:18). ^
  13. טֹרַח (torach) - “load” - NKJV “problems”; KJV “cumbrance”; NAS “load” - found also only in Isaiah 1:14 NKJV; KJV “trouble”; NAS “burden.” The related verb is only found in Job 37:11 NKJV “saturates”; KJV “wearieth”; NAS “loads.” ^
  14. אֲשִׂימֵם בְּרָאשֵׁיכם ('asiymêm berâ'shêychem) - “and I will set them at your heads” - this is how it reads more literally. Obviously, meaning is “and I will set them as your leaders.” NKJV “and I will make them heads over you.” KJV “and I will make them rulers over you.” ^
  15. הַר (har) - “mountain” - singular – NKJV “mountains”; KJV “mountain”; NAS “hill country” ^
  16. נַחַל אֶשְׁכֹּל (nachal 'eshkol) - “the brook of Cluster” - see footnote for Genesis 14:13. ^
  17. עֲנָקים (`anâqiym) – “Anakim” LXX γιγάντων (gigantôn) “giants” - see footnote for Anak in Numbers 13:22. ^
  18. Numbers 14 records Joshua's and Caleb's plea to the people to obey God, but it does not record this plea by Moses. ^
  19. 2 Chronicles 16:9 ^
  20. תָּהינוּ (tâhiynu) - “made light” - only found here. NKJV; KJV “were ready”; NAS “regarded it as easy” - parallel passage in verse 43 of this chapter uses תָּודוּ (tâzidu) “presumptously” NKJV; KJV; NAS (also in Exodus 21:14 KJV; Deuteronomy 17:13 NAS), elsewhere also translated “behaved proudly” (Exodus 18:11; Nehemiah 9:10, 16, 29; Jeremiah 50:29). ^
  21. Other verses on God not listening, see 1 Samuel 8:18; Psalm 34:15-16 (1 Peter 3:12); 66:18; Proverbs 1:24-29; 15:8-9, 26, 29; 28:9; Isaiah 1:15; 59:1-4; Jeremiah 7:16; 11:14; 14:11-12; Ezekiel 8:16-18; Micah 3:1-4; Zechariah 7:12-13. ^
  22. Mirrored here. ^

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