Daniel P. Barron

1 “And we turned and journeyed to the wilderness by way of the Sea of Reeds just as Yehvah spoke to me. And we went around Mount Seir many days. 2 And Yehvah said to me, 3 'You have gone around this mountain much. Turn for yourselves to the north 4 and command the people saying, “You are passing by the border of your brethren, sons of Esau, who dwell in Seir. ⁱ And they will fear you, so be very guarded. 5 Do not contend with them, for I have not given to you from their land even a footstep. Because, a possession to Esau I have given mount Seir. 6 Food you shall buy from them in the silver and eat. And also water you shall purchase from them in the silver and drink. 7 For Yehvah your Gods will bless you in all the work of your hand. He knows your walking this great wilderness this forty years. Yehvah your Gods is with you. You shall not lack a thing.” ⁱⁱ

8 “And we passed from our brethren, sons of Esau who dwell in Seir, from the way of the plain, from Elath ⁱⁱⁱ and from Ezion Geber, and we turned and passed the way of the wilderness of Moab. 9 And Yehvah said to me, 'Do not ^iv harass Moab and do not contend against them in war. Because, I have not given to you from his land a possession, because to the sons of Lot I have given Ar, a possession. 10 The Emim ^v before dwelt in it, a people great and many and tall as the Anakim. ^vi 11 They were thought ^vii to be Rephaim. ^viii Also, they were as the Anakim, and the Moabites call them Emim. 12 And in Seir the Horim dwelt before, and the sons of Esau dispossessed them and exterminated them from before them and dwelt instead of them. Just as Israel did to the land of his possession which Yehvah gave to them.'

13 'Now, arise and cross over for yourselves the brook of Zered.' “And we crossed over the brook Zered. 14 And the days which we went from Kadesh Barnea until when we crossed over the brook Zered was thirty-eight years until finished, all the generation of the men of war from the midst of the camp, just as Yehvah swore to them. 15 So indeed, the hand of Yehvah was against them to confuse them from the midst of the camp until finished.”

16 “And it was, just as all the men of the war were finished to death from the midst of the people, ^ix 17 so Yehvah spoke to me saying, 18 “You are crossing over today the border of Moab, Ar. 19 And you shall come near in front of the sons of Ammon. Do not harass them and do not contend against them. Because, I have not given to you a possession from the land of the sons of Ammon. Because, to the sons of Lot I have given it, a possession. 20 It was thought to be a land of Rephaim. ^viii Indeed, Rephaim dwelt in it before. And the Ammonites ^x called them Zamzummim, ^xi 21 a people great and many and tall as the Anakim. And Yehvah exterminated them from before them, and they dispossessed them and dwelt instead of them. 22 Just as he did for the sons of Esau who dwell in Seir when he exterminated the Horites from before them and they dispossessed them and dwelt instead of them unto this day. 23 And the Avvim ^xii who dwelt in the villages as far as Gaza, the Caphtorim, ^xiii who went out from Caphtor, ^xiv exterminated them and dwelt instead of them.” ^xv

24 “Rise, journey and cross over the brook Arnon. See, I have given in your hand Sihon, king of Heshbon of the Amorites, and his land. Begin to possess and contend against him in war. 25 This day I begin to give the dread of you and the fear ^xvi of you upon the faces of the peoples under all the heavens who shall hear the report of you. And they shall tremble and be in anguish because of you.” 26 And I sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth ^xvii to Sihon king of Heshbon, words of peace ^xviii saying, 27 'Let me pass over in your land on the road. On the road I will walk. I will not turn right or left. 28 Sell me food in the silver, and I will eat, and water in the silver give to me and I will drink. Only let me pass over on foot. 29 Just as the sons of Esau who dwell in Seir and the Moabites who dwell in Ar did for me until I cross over the Jordan to the land which Yehvah our Gods gives to us.' 30 And Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through in him, for Yehvah your Gods hardened his spirit and made his heart strong; in order to give him in your hand as this day.” ^xix

31 “And Yehvah said to me, 'I have begun to give before you Sihon and his land. Begin possessing, to possess his land.' 32 And Sihon went out to meet us, he and all his people to war at Jahaz. 33 And Yehvah our Gods delivered him to us and struck him and his son ^xx and all his people. 34 And we took all his cities at that time. And we utterly destroyed every city, men and the women and the children. ^xxi We did not leave a survivor. 35 Only the animal we plundered for ourselves and spoil of the cities which we took. 36 From Aroer which is on the edge of the brook of Arnon and the city which is on the brook and until the Gilead, there was not a town too high ^xxii for us. Yehvah our Gods gave all to us. 37 Only to the land of the sons of Ammon you did not go near, all along the brook of Jabbok and the cities of the mountain and all where Yehvah our Gods commanded.”

Deuteronomy 1 - Deuteronomy 3

Translated by Darwin Fish. See original pdf. ^xxiii

1. Genesis 36:6-9 ^
2. חָסָרְתָּ (châsartâ) - “lack” - same root word as “want” (אֶחְסָר ['echsâr]) in Psalm 23:1; 34:10 (H11, second “lack” NKJV); Proverbs 6:32 is more literally, “lacks heart” (חֲסַר־לֵב [chasar-lêv]), likewise Proverbs 7:7 [“devoid” NKJV]; 9:4, 16; 10:13, 21; 11:12 (12:9 חֲסַר־לָחֶם [chasar lâchem] “lacks bread”); 12:11; 15:21 [“destitute of discernment” NKJV]; 17:18; 24:30 (28:16 חֲסַר תְּבוּנוֹת [chasar tevunot] more literally, “lacks understanding”). Same root word found also e.g. in Deuteronomy 8:9 (“lack”); 15:8 (“need/s” 2x); 28:48 (“need”), 57 (“lack”). ^
3. אֵילָת ('êylat) - “Elath” = modern day “Eilat” at the North end of the Gulf of Aqaba (= “Sea of Reeds” or “Red Sea” see footnote for Exodus 13:18). “Elath” also found in 1 Kings 9:26 אֵלוֹת ('êlot); 2 Kings 14:22 אֵילַת ('êylat); 16:6(3x) אֵילַת ('êylat), אֵילוֹת ('êylot), אֵילַת ('êylat); 2 Chronicles 8:17 אֵילוֹת ('êylot); 26:2 אֵילֹוֹת ('êylot). ^
4. אַל ('al) - “not” according to Ginsburg edition of the Bomberg/ben Chayyim Masoretic Old Testament. LXX μὴ (mê) “not.” אֶל ('el) “to” according to Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) & Leningrad (WTT). KJV, NKJV, NAS, etc. translate “not.” ^
5. אֵמִים ('êmiym) - “Emim” - see footnote for Genesis 14:5. ^
6. עֲנָקִים (`anâqiym) - “Anakim” - see footnote for “Anak” עֲנָק (`anâq) in Numbers 13:22. ^
7. יֵחָשְׁבוּ (yêchâshvu) - “thought to be” - Niphal (passive) – KJV “accounted”; NKJV, NAS “regarded” ^
8. רְפָאִים (rephâ'iym) - “Rephaim” - see footnote for Genesis 14:5. ^ ^
9. Psalm 95:1-11; Hebrews 3:4-4:2 (Numbers 13:27-14:45; 26:64-65; 32:6-13; Deuteronomy 1:24-45; 9:23; Joshua 14:7-10) ^
10. עַמֹּנִים (`ammoniym) - “Ammonites” = sons of Ammon, see footnote for Genesis 19:38. ^
11. זַמְזֻמִּים (zamzummiym) - “Zamzummim” - LXX Ζομζομμιν (Zomzommin), only found here. There is also the זּוּזִים (zuziym) “Zuzim” in Genesis 14:5. ^
12. עַוִּים (`avviym) - “Avvim” NAS; “Avim” NKJV - also only found in Joshua 13:3; 18:23 (name of a city); 2 Kings 17:31. It's evident from Joshua 13 & 2 Kings 17 that the Avvim were still around at the time of Joshua and 2 Kings. ^
13. פַּפְתֹּרִים (kaphtoriym) - “Caphtorim” - see footnote for Genesis 10:14. ^
14. כַּפְתּוֹר (kaphtor) - “Caphtor” - location uncertain - as a location also only in Jeremiah 47:4; Amos 9:7, which both reveal the Philistines were originally from Caphtor, “the Philistines, the remnant of the country of Caphtor” (Jeremiah 47:4), “Did I not bring up Israel from the land of Egypt, the Philistines from Caphtor” (Amos 9:7). כַּפְתּוֹר (kaphtor) “Caphtor” is also used for “knob” (NKJV) or “bulb” (NAS) in Exodus 25:34-36; 37:17, 19-22; “doorposts” (NKJV Amos 9:1, NAS “capitals”), a capital or top of a pillar (Zephaniah 2:14). ^
15. “He makes nations great, and destroys them” (Job 12:23) ^
16. God puts fear into the hearts of men (Exodus 15:11-16; Leviticus 26:36; Deuteronomy 11:25 as here; 28:66-67; Psalm 65:8; Ezekiel 21:4-7; 30:9; 32:3-10; Isaiah 13:6-8; 19:16-17 [vs 16 “waving” same word as “wave offering” in the law, (tenuphâh) e.g. Exodus 29:24. In light of this, see Mark 9:47-49.]; Isaiah 33:10-17; Daniel 8:16-19) and animals (Genesis 9:2) and water (Psalm 77:16). ^
17. קְדֵמוֹת (qedêmot) - “Kedemoth” - also found in Joshua 13:18; 21:37; 1 Chronicles 6:79(H64). ^
18. Moses sent words of peace, even though the purpose (in obedience to God) was to “contend against him” (verse 24). ^
19. This is recorded in Numbers 21:21-31. ^
20. בְּנוֹ (beno) - “his son” - written כתב (kethib), בָּנָין (bânâyv) - “his sons” - read קרא (qere) ^
21. Depending on God's purpose, even children are not spared. See Leviticus 26:22; Numbers 31:17-18; Deuteronomy 3:6; 1 Samuel 15:2-3 (“infant and nursing child”); Psalm 137:9; Jeremiah 44:7-8 (“child and infant”); Lamentations 2:11-12 (“infants”); Hosea 9:16; 13:16 (“Their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child ripped open.”); Zechariah 13:7-8). ^
22. שָׂגְבָה (sâgvâh) - “high” (NAS), “strong” KJV, NKJV – e.g. next in Job 5:11 “exalted” KJV; “lifted” NAS, NKJV. ^
23. Mirrored here. ^